In India, the jurisdiction of courts is determined by the territorial limits within which they can exercise their authority. The jurisdiction of courts is divided into two types: original jurisdiction and appellate jurisdiction.
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Original jurisdiction refers to the power of a court to hear and decide a case in the first instance, while appellate jurisdiction refers to the power of a court to hear appeals from lower courts. The Supreme Court of India has original jurisdiction in certain types of cases, such as disputes between states and the central government, and appellate jurisdiction in all other cases. The High Courts of each state have original and appellate jurisdiction over cases within their respective states, and the District Courts have original jurisdiction over cases within their districts.
In India, the jurisdiction of police stations is determined by the territorial limits within which they are responsible for maintaining law and order and investigating crimes. Each police station is responsible for a specific geographic area, known as a "police station limit," within which they have the authority to investigate crimes, make arrests, and maintain order. The boundary of a police station limit is determined by the state government and is usually based on population and geographic factors. Police stations are also responsible for maintaining law and order in the area under their jurisdiction and are accountable to the local community through the Superintendent of Police (SP) who oversees the police stations under his/her jurisdiction.
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